[ad_1]
After the space for 53 years, a clear Soviet spacecraft called Kosmos-482 returned to Earth, and entered the planet at 9:24 am Moscow time on Saturday, According to DossosmosAl -Balad Company, which runs the Russian space program.
Kosmos-482 is designed to land on the surface of Venus, and it remained intact during its diving. Roskosmos said that he set out in the Indian Ocean west of Jakarta, Indonesia.
Kosmos-482 was launched on March 31, 1972, but they were cut off in the Earth’s orbit after it closed one of the premature missile boosters. The return of the spacecraft to Earth was a reminder of the Cold War competition that prompted the science -like visions of the land forces that display itself in the solar system.
“He remembers a time when the Soviet Union was adventurous in space – when we were all more adventurous in space,” said Jonathan McDowell, an astronomical physicist at the Harvard and Smithsonian Center for astronomical physics. “It is a sweet moment and passed a little in this sense.”
While America has won the race to the moon, the Soviet Union, through Vanera, kept its attention on Venus, the sister of the twisted earth.
From 1961 to 1984, the Soviets launched 29 spacecraft towards the neighboring world. Many of these tasks failed, however More than ten did not do. The Venera spacecraft wiped Venus from the orbit, where the weather notes were collected gently through its toxic clouds, soil samples were married, studied and sent first, and the only meat we have from the surface of the planet.
He said: “Kosmos-482 is a reminder that, 50 years ago, the Soviet Union has arrived at Venus. Here is a material artifact for this project, at that time.” My friend is my friendHistorian of the University of Fordam, specialized in space and scientific activities in the Soviet era. “There is a strange and persuasive thing for me on this topic, on how the past continues in the Earth’s orbit.”
After half a century, while nations paint a return to the moon and move their investigations towards Mars, Jupiter and many asteroids, the only Japanese space probe is Venus the only vehicle. Other proposed tasks for it I faced the delay and Undoubted future.
During the space race, placing shoes on the moon was the biggest prize – but other worlds in our solar system were also calling. With the United States focused increasingly on Mars, the Soviet Union turned its attention to the second rock of the sun.
“Both sides were interested in Mars at the time, but Venus was an easier goal,” he said, “He said, he said,” He said, he said, he said, ” Kathleen LewisSecretary of International Space and Space Programs at the Air & Space Museum of Smithsonian.
Almost the same size of the Earth, Venus is often referred to as twins, although it does not resemble rocky planets. It is immersed in a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide and hidden under the miles of sulfuric acid clouds. The surface of the Venusian Surface, which is a victim of the effect of the fleeing greenhouse, is an improved Fahrenheit 870 degrees, and crushed pressure in the atmosphere about 90 times from those on the ground.
“How can you build something that can escape a multiple flight through the solar system, reach a planet through a thick atmosphere, reach Earth and do not melt or be crushed, and take pictures?” Dr. Siddiqui asked. “It is an incredible problem to think about the solution in the 1960s.”
Without deterrence by the challenges offered by this punishable world, the Soviets threw their devices in Venus, over and over again. There was no template for how to do this at that time.
“I was literally invented the thing you want to send to Venus.” “Nowadays, if a country like Japan wants to send something to Venus, they have 50 years of textbooks and engineering books. In the 1960s, you have nothing.”
The Soviet Venera program achieved a number of preferences: the first investigations to enter another planet’s atmosphere, the first spacecraft safely landing on another planet, the first to score strange landscape sounds.
Kosmos-482 failed during the middle of this schedule. On Saturday, re -entry was not the first meeting of the land with Venus Lander.
At approximately one o’clock in the morning local time on April 3, 1972, just a few days after the turbulent launch, the town of Ashberton, New Zealand, was visited by several titanium balls of 30 lbs, each with a beach ball size and characterized by the Serilian letter.
One of them ended in the turnover field, which raised the concern of local citizens. New Zealand Herald I mentioned in 2002 One of the areas “was eventually closed in a police cell in Ashburton because no one knows what to do with it.”
Although the space law determines that the ownership of a shattering space object remains with the country that he launched, the Soviets did not demand ownership of the fields at that time. “Space balls” was finally returned The farmers who found them.
While Kosmos-482 was lost, her brother, who was launched a few days ago, was named at the end of the Venus, and this spacecraft and data transfer from the surface have survived for 50 minutes. Two years later, when Vanera 9 and 10 – for the sake of the Soviets, the construction of repetition means release of two of everything – they slowly descended across the clouds, landed on the surface of the planet, and photographed pictures of a lower yellowish world.
Venera ended in the mid -eighties of the last century with the ambitious Vega investigations. These tasks were launched in 1984, and Landers were dropped on the roof of Venusia in 1985 and flew by comet Haley in 1986.
Dr. Louis said: “The legacy of the seventies and eighties of the last century was from the Soviet exploration of Venus was a pride point for the Soviet Union.”
Kosmos-482, though unique for historical reasons, is not unusual. Today, states and companies are still launching more devices in orbit, and do not leave any shortage of things that fall from the sky.
“Re -logging is very frequent now,” he said Greg HiningAerospace Corporation, an expert in federal support, which tracks things in orbit. “We see dozens of them a day. Most of the time passes without anyone noticing them.”
This is especially true at the present moment, when the sun is completely active, because the growing solar activity blows into the Earth’s atmosphere and increases clouds on tropical organisms.
Some of those re -entering the amazing light shows. It may be caused by the declines it controls to the Earth, such as those in the cargo capsules and crew in Spacex. Others are accidental, such as the failed test trips for the initial models of Spacex. Others are not without deliberately and perhaps very dangerous, as was the case with long missile reinforcements in China, which are large tools enough to cause major problems if you return to a populated area.
But in rare cases, an object like Kosmos-482 will return to Earth as a record of the first steps of humanity in the space that wraps the Earth.
“There is an archive of the space race, still revolves around the Earth. There are many things that were launched in the 1950s, 1960s,” said Dr. Siddiqui. “Sometimes we remember that there is this museum there because it falls on our heads.”
Jonathan Wolf The reports contributed.
